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Also known as a motor, the engine is a tool which could transform energy into a functional mechanical motion. When a motor converts heat energy into motion it is normally known as an engine. The engine can come in many kinds like for example the internal and external combustion engine. An internal combustion engine usually burns a fuel making use of air and the resulting hot gases are utilized for generating power. Steam engines are an example of external combustion engines. They make use of heat so as to produce motion using a separate working fluid.
The electric motor takes electrical energy and produces mechanical motion via different electromagnetic fields. This is a typical type of motor. Various kinds of motors are driven by non-combustive chemical reactions, other types can make use of springs and function through elastic energy. Pneumatic motors function through compressed air. There are other designs depending on the application needed.
ICEs or Internal combustion engines
An ICE occurs whenever the combustion of fuel combines with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber. In an internal combustion engine, the expansion of high pressure gases combined with high temperatures results in making use of direct force to some engine components, for example, pistons, turbine blades or nozzles. This force generates functional mechanical energy by means of moving the component over a distance. Typically, an ICE has intermittent combustion as seen in the popular 2- and 4-stroke piston motors and the Wankel rotating motor. Nearly all rocket engines, jet engines and gas turbines fall into a second class of internal combustion engines known as continuous combustion, which takes place on the same previous principal described.
Stirling external combustion engines or steam engines very much vary from internal combustion engines. The external combustion engine, where energy is to be delivered to a working fluid like for instance liquid sodium, pressurized water, hot water or air that is heated in a boiler of some kind. The working fluid is not combined with, consisting of or contaminated by combustion products.
The designs of ICEs presented today come with numerous strengths and weaknesses. An internal combustion engine powered by an energy dense fuel will distribute efficient power-to-weight ratio. Even though ICEs have been successful in lots of stationary utilization, their real strength lies in mobile utilization. Internal combustion engines control the power supply used for vehicles such as boats, aircrafts and cars. Several hand-held power gadgets make use of either battery power or ICE devices.
External combustion engines
An external combustion engine uses a heat engine where a working fluid, like for instance steam in steam engine or gas in a Stirling engine, is heated by combustion of an external source. This combustion occurs via a heat exchanger or through the engine wall. The fluid expands and acts upon the engine mechanism which produces motion. After that, the fluid is cooled, and either compressed and reused or disposed, and cool fluid is pulled in.
Burning fuel together with the aid of an oxidizer so as to supply the heat is referred to as "combustion." External thermal engines can be of similar use and configuration but make use of a heat supply from sources like for instance exothermic, geothermal, solar or nuclear reactions not involving combustion.
Working fluid could be of whichever composition, though gas is the most common working fluid. At times a single-phase liquid is sometimes utilized. In Organic Rankine Cycle or in the case of the steam engine, the working fluid varies phases between gas and liquid.
