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There are some commercial and industrial buildings that now surpass sixty stories or more. These buildings all need tall cranes to be able to help transport the materials to the upper floors. There are cranes that are operated from the back of trucks or other kinds which have their own vehicle attached. Tower cranes are the biggest kinds offered on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. Wherever new construction like for instance apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane will be on site.
Types
There are two different types of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it carries items. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types can vary from 30 pounds to ten thousand pounds
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual parts. In order to increase the overall height of the machine, sections are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The crane operator works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane uses a braided metal cord to be able to lift supplies. This cord extends out from a motor situated near the control module to the end of the boom or jib. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy supplies are carried.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specific mobile crane that uses hydraulic power to raise and transport thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing on the boom's pistons in opposite directions in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are very vital in building major projects like for instance airports, bridges, buildings and streets. A crane could accomplish in minutes tasks that will normally take many hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
These remarkable machinery have played a very important role in building cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids within Egypt were likely constructed using basic cranes to enable the heaviest materials in one of the most remarkable construction projects of all time.
The first representation of a crane was featured during the reign of King Ramses within Egypt in 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device which was utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These mechanism were used to create a whole country in the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were initially made out of wood. The designs of cranes began to change when dockyards began to require stronger and bigger machines. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes during 1834, within Bolton, England. This equipment could lift up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a bigger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany began to build cast iron cranes 4 years later. The first cast iron crane built by Germany was made within Neuburg.
